Politics & Government

Democrats Respond to GOP Redistricting Plan

Virginia senators say GOP redistricting plan is unconstitutional; Republican legislators say proposal helps the state better comply with the Voting Rights Act.

By Mark Robinson, Capital News Service

Virginia Democrats continued to call a Republican-backed plan to redistrict the state's senate seats unconstitutional on Wednesday -- but GOP leaders say the measure could actually help the Commonwealth better comply with the federal Voting Rights Act.

After Republicans narrowly passed a bill Monday that included an amendment to redraw the lines of several state senate districts, the result of which in many cases was more seats with GOP-leaning voters, Democrats took to the Senate floor Tuesday to blast the measure, calling it unconstitutional. 

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In remarks on the Senate floor on Monday, the bill's sponsor, Sen. John Watkins, R-Powhatan, said the move would create a sixth majority-African American Senate district.

Watkins introduced the revision to House Bill 259, which was originally written to make technical adjustments to House districts established in 2011. His revision passed 20-19 on a party-line vote. Sen. Henry L. Marsh III, D-Richmond, was absent: He was in Washington for President Barack Obama’s inauguration.

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But Democrats pointed to Virginia’s Constitution, which says redistricting may only occur every 10 years, following the federal census. The last census was done in 2010, and redistricting occurred in 2011.

Thus, Senate Democrats have a case to challenge the redistricting plan in state court, John Aughenbaugh, a political science professor at Virginia Commonwealth University, said in an email.

The proposed changes would keep Reston in Sen. Janet Howell's 32nd District - but add to the 32nd much of Herndon and Great Falls, making the 32nd nearly three percent more Republican. 

For a map of districts under the proposed Republican plan, see this interactive from the Virginia Public Access Project.

To become law, the bill passed by the Senate still must be approved by the House of Delegates and then signed by Gov. Bob McDonnell.

Moreover, it would need federal approval to take effect. The Voting Rights Act of 1965 requires states with a history of voter discrimination to have any major voting changes approved by the U.S. Justice Department or a federal judge.

“We’re a long way from knowing if this is going to be real or not, but I’m not afraid of any district,” Deeds said. “I believe in the process. I’ll do what I have to do.”

The same act, however, also casts the bill in a different right. The Voting Rights Act calls for states to create as many voting districts with a majority of minority voters as possible. Virginia currently has five; the Senate plan would make it six.

Watkins said the creation of a sixth district with an African American majority would save Virginia from litigation under the act.

Under the bill, the number of Republicans in Watkins’ district would increase by more than 8 percent, according to an analysis by the Virginia Public Access Project, a nonpartisan group. The number of Republicans in Hanger’s district would jump almost 15 percent.

Hanger could not be reached for comment.

In a joint statement Tuesday, U.S. Senators Mark Warner and Tim Kaine, both Democrats, called Senate’s approval of the measure “disappointing and disruptive partisan action.”

Lt. Gov. Bill Bolling, a Republican who holds a tie-breaking vote in the Senate, has “grave concerns about the adoption of a revised redistricting plan,” according to an email sent by an aide. The aide said the measure was “not something that (Bolling) supported.”

According to the aide, the lieutenant governor is afraid the measure will distract from issues such as transportation and education. Both are priorities for McDonnell in his last year in office.

Tucker Martin, an aide to the governor, said in an email McDonnell has not seen the legislation but would review it closely should it reach his desk

If approved, the new boundaries would take effect for the next Senate elections in 2015.

 

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